{"id":16334658,"date":"2025-04-28T13:41:49","date_gmt":"2025-04-28T12:41:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kapitalis.com\/tunisie\/?p=16334658"},"modified":"2025-04-28T13:41:51","modified_gmt":"2025-04-28T12:41:51","slug":"le-rejet-de-phosphogypse-dans-la-mer-doit-cesser-en-tunisie-experts","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kapitalis.com\/tunisie\/2025\/04\/28\/le-rejet-de-phosphogypse-dans-la-mer-doit-cesser-en-tunisie-experts\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00abLe rejet de phosphogypse dans la mer doit cesser en Tunisie\u00bb (Experts)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Le phosphogypse ne pr\u00e9sente pas de risque toxique pour l\u2019environnement ou la sant\u00e9 humaine, mais un rejet prolong\u00e9 dans la mer pendant de nombreuses ann\u00e9es endommagera les \u00e9cosyst\u00e8mes marins en Tunisie<\/em><\/strong>.<\/em><\/strong> (Ph. Les rejets de phosphogypse des usines de Gab\u00e8s polluent l’air, la terre et l’eau). <\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n

C\u2019est ce qu’a r\u00e9v\u00e9l\u00e9 un comit\u00e9 scientifique \u00e9tudiant les effets de cette substance lors d\u2019un s\u00e9minaire organis\u00e9 \u00e0 l\u2019Assembl\u00e9e des repr\u00e9sentants du peuple (ARP) au Bardo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Selon un communiqu\u00e9 du Palais du Bardo, le pr\u00e9sident du comit\u00e9 scientifique et professeur de chimie \u00e0 l\u2019Universit\u00e9 de Gafsa, Limam Aloui, a affirm\u00e9 que le phosphogypse tunisien pr\u00e9sente un niveau de radioactivit\u00e9 naturelle d\u2019environ 270 becquerels par kilogramme (Bq\/kg), bien en dessous du seuil standard de 1.000 Bq\/kg de l\u2019Agence internationale de l\u2019\u00e9nergie atomique (AIEA) et inf\u00e9rieur aux niveaux de radioactivit\u00e9 du phosphogypse dans d\u2019autres pays.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Une recherche de huit mois men\u00e9e par le comit\u00e9 scientifique, ainsi que l\u2019analyse de 170 publications scientifiques, ont confirm\u00e9 que le phosphogypse tunisien contient des traces n\u00e9gligeables d\u2019arsenic, de plomb et de mercure, puisque le minerai de phosphate tunisien lui-m\u00eame ne contient presque aucun de ces m\u00e9taux lourds.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

La substance est compos\u00e9e principalement de gypse, avec des concentrations plus faibles de certains m\u00e9taux lourds (par exemple l\u2019arsenic, le mercure, le plomb) et de composants secondaires moins concentr\u00e9s tels que les terres rares (par exemple le cadmium).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ledit comit\u00e9 a n\u00e9anmoins soulign\u00e9 la n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 de mettre fin au rejet de phosphogypse dans la mer, une pratique qui dure depuis la fin des ann\u00e9es 1970, car l\u2019accumulation \u00e0 long terme pr\u00e9sente des risques environnementaux, principalement dus aux impuret\u00e9s insolubles qui subsistent apr\u00e8s la d\u00e9gradation de son composant principal, le sulfate de calcium (dihydrat\u00e9), qui constitue 96% du phosphogypse.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Entre 2011 et 2023, environ 2,8 millions de tonnes ont \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9vers\u00e9es en mer pr\u00e8s de Gab\u00e8s o\u00f9 se trouvent des usines de transformation du phosphate, tandis que 1,6 million de tonnes ont \u00e9t\u00e9 stock\u00e9es \u00e0 Skhira (Sfax) et 600 000 tonnes \u00e0 Mdhila (Gafsa).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Le comit\u00e9 a demand\u00e9 que le phosphogypse soit reclass\u00e9 comme un sous-produit plut\u00f4t que comme un d\u00e9chet, soulignant son potentiel de r\u00e9utilisation dans la construction (ciment, mat\u00e9riaux routiers), l\u2019agriculture (am\u00e9lioration des sols) et d\u2019autres secteurs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Toutefois, la transition vers la valorisation sera progressive en raison des grandes quantit\u00e9s produites a insist\u00e9 le comit\u00e9, en soulignant la n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 d\u2019un stockage terrestre r\u00e9glement\u00e9 dans des sites de confinement doubl\u00e9s pour prot\u00e9ger les \u00e9cosyst\u00e8mes marins et pr\u00e9server le mat\u00e9riau pour une utilisation future.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Chokri Ben Bahri, pr\u00e9sident de la commission parlementaire de l\u2019industrie, du commerce, des ressources naturelles, de l\u2019\u00e9nergie et de l\u2019environnement, a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 que l\u2019objectif du s\u00e9minaire \u00e9tait de promouvoir le dialogue vers une d\u00e9cision nationale qui concilie la valorisation \u00e9conomique avec les droits environnementaux.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00abNous ne sommes pas contre le d\u00e9veloppement, mais il ne peut pas se faire au d\u00e9triment de l\u2019environnement\u00bb<\/em>, a-t-il averti. Et d\u2019ajouter : \u00abNous craignons que la r\u00e9utilisation du phosphogypse ne passe d\u2019une opportunit\u00e9 \u00e9conomique \u00e0 un risque sanitaire et environnemental\u00bb<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Critiquant des d\u00e9cennies de pollution incontr\u00f4l\u00e9e, le parlementaire a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 : \u00abDepuis les ann\u00e9es 1970, les usines de traitement ont \u00e9lud\u00e9 leur responsabilit\u00e9 dans les dommages caus\u00e9s aux communaut\u00e9s : \u00e9rosion des plages, \u00e9pid\u00e9mies et contamination de l\u2019air, de l\u2019eau et du sol par les m\u00e9taux lourds et les radiations.\u00bb<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Le 5 mars, le gouvernement tunisien a approuv\u00e9 le retrait du phosphogypse de la liste des d\u00e9chets dangereux, le reclassant comme mat\u00e9riau r\u00e9utilisable, ce qui na provoqu\u00e9 une lev\u00e9e de bouclier et des mouvements de protestation parmi les d\u00e9fenseurs de l\u2019environnement, notamment dans les r\u00e9gions de Gab\u00e8s et de Sfax, qui sont les plus affect\u00e9es par les rejets de phosphogypse dans la mer.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

I. B.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Un rejet prolong\u00e9 de phosphogypse dans la mer pendant de nombreuses ann\u00e9es endommagera les \u00e9cosyst\u00e8mes marins.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":16334695,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[995,2433],"tags":[121972,108604,406,407,121971,711,82652,62643],"class_list":["post-16334658","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-economie","category-tunisie","tag-chokri-ben-bahri","tag-ecosystemes-marins","tag-gabes","tag-gafsa","tag-limam-aloui","tag-phosphate","tag-phosphogypse","tag-tunisie"],"yoast_head":"\n\u00abLe rejet de phosphogypse dans la mer doit cesser en Tunisie\u00bb (Experts) - Kapitalis<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/kapitalis.com\/tunisie\/2025\/04\/28\/le-rejet-de-phosphogypse-dans-la-mer-doit-cesser-en-tunisie-experts\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u00abLe rejet de phosphogypse dans la mer doit cesser en Tunisie\u00bb (Experts) - 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