{"id":18430310,"date":"2026-03-03T08:54:33","date_gmt":"2026-03-03T07:54:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kapitalis.com\/tunisie\/?p=18430310"},"modified":"2026-03-03T08:54:35","modified_gmt":"2026-03-03T07:54:35","slug":"iran-qui-succedera-a-layatollah-ali-khamenei","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kapitalis.com\/tunisie\/2026\/03\/03\/iran-qui-succedera-a-layatollah-ali-khamenei\/","title":{"rendered":"Iran | Qui succ\u00e9dera \u00e0 l\u2019ayatollah Ali Khamenei ?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

La question est sur toutes les l\u00e8vres : Qui va succ\u00e9der \u00e0 l\u2019ayatollah Ali Khamenei et devenir le nouveau Guide supr\u00eame de la R\u00e9publique islamique d\u2019Iran ? Le poste est la cl\u00e9 de vo\u00fbte d\u2019un syst\u00e8me qui repose sur la th\u00e9orie du velayat-e faqih (tutelle du jurisconsulte) et c\u2019est \u00e0 l\u2019Assembl\u00e9e des Experts que va \u00e9choir la responsabilit\u00e9 d\u2019\u00e9lire le successeur de Khamenei qui a occup\u00e9 le poste pendant presque 37 ans.\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Imed Bahri<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n

Le quotidien londonien arabophone Al Quds al Arabi<\/a> est revenu sur cette \u00e9ch\u00e9ance importante qui intervient en pleine guerre isra\u00e9lo-am\u00e9ricaine contre la R\u00e9publique islamique et indique que les pr\u00e9paratifs s\u2019acc\u00e9l\u00e8rent en vue de l\u2019\u00e9lection d\u2019un successeur au Guide supr\u00eame, l\u2019ayatollah Ali Khamenei, assassin\u00e9 par Isra\u00ebl et les \u00c9tats-Unis le samedi 28 f\u00e9vrier 2026 au matin. L\u2019attaque, men\u00e9e par l\u2019aviation isra\u00e9lienne, a cibl\u00e9 le bureau et la r\u00e9sidence de Khamenei, avenue Pasteur, \u00e0 T\u00e9h\u00e9ran, alors qu\u2019il pr\u00e9sidait une r\u00e9union du Conseil sup\u00e9rieur de la d\u00e9fense. Trente bombes ont \u00e9t\u00e9 largu\u00e9es sur ce lieu o\u00f9 se trouvait le Guide.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Un conseil provisoire aux commandes<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Afin d\u2019\u00e9viter un vide du pouvoir, l\u2019article 111 de la Constitution iranienne stipule qu\u2019un conseil provisoire compos\u00e9 de trois membres exerce les pouvoirs du Guide supr\u00eame en cas de d\u00e9c\u00e8s, de d\u00e9mission ou de destitution de ce dernier.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Le conseil provisoire actuel est compos\u00e9 de Massoud Pezeshkian en sa qualit\u00e9 de pr\u00e9sident de la R\u00e9publique, Gholamhossein Mohseni Ejei en sa qualit\u00e9 de chef du pouvoir judiciaire et l\u2019ayatollah Ali Reza Arafi, d\u00e9sign\u00e9 par le Conseil des gardiens de la Constitution (organe iranien cumulant les fonctions de Conseil constitutionnel et de Commission \u00e9lectorale). <\/p>\n\n\n\n

L\u2019urgence d\u2019\u00e9lire le Guide supr\u00eame est dict\u00e9e par la n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 de pr\u00e9server la stabilit\u00e9 int\u00e9rieure dans le pays, \u00e9tant donn\u00e9 que le Guide supr\u00eame est la plus haute autorit\u00e9 politique, religieuse et militaire du pays. Il incarne vilayat-e faqih<\/em> dans le syst\u00e8me de la R\u00e9publique islamique et est \u00e9galement le Commandant supr\u00eame des forces arm\u00e9es.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Conform\u00e9ment \u00e0 la Constitution iranienne, l\u2019\u00e9lection du Guide supr\u00eame rel\u00e8ve de la comp\u00e9tence de l\u2019Assembl\u00e9e des experts, appel\u00e9e en persan \u00abMajlis-e Khabargan-e Rahbari\u00bb<\/em>. Cette assembl\u00e9e est compos\u00e9e de 88 membres, \u00e9lus au suffrage universel direct, pour un mandat de huit ans. Le peuple iranien renouvelle donc son \u00e9lection tous les huit ans. L\u2019Assembl\u00e9e exerce diverses fonctions dont celle d\u2019\u00e9lire le Guide supr\u00eame. Elle a \u00e9galement le pouvoir de contr\u00f4ler l\u2019action du Guide supr\u00eame et de le r\u00e9voquer ou de le confirmer dans ses fonctions, \u00e0 condition qu\u2019il soit jug\u00e9 apte \u00e0 remplir ses devoirs sur les plans religieux, politique, intellectuel et physique.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Le Guide supr\u00eame est \u00e9lu au scrutin secret, et le candidat qui obtient la majorit\u00e9 absolue des suffrages exprim\u00e9s par les membres pr\u00e9sents est d\u00e9clar\u00e9 Guide supr\u00eame. L\u2019Assembl\u00e9e des experts n\u2019a \u00e9lu le Guide supr\u00eame qu\u2019une seule fois et ce, en juin 1989, jour du d\u00e9c\u00e8s de l\u2019Imam Khomeini, fondateur de la R\u00e9publique islamique, lorsque Khamenei a \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9lu \u00e0 ce poste.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khamenei, alors pr\u00e9sident de la R\u00e9publique (il l\u2019a \u00e9t\u00e9 de 1981 \u00e0 1989), n\u2019\u00e9tait pas un candidat pressenti pour succ\u00e9der \u00e0 Khomeini. Cependant, Hashemi Rafsanjani (pr\u00e9sident de 1989 \u00e0 1997) a relat\u00e9 une anecdote qui a boulevers\u00e9 la donne. Il a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 que lors d\u2019une rencontre avec Khomeini, il l\u2019avait interrog\u00e9 sur son choix de successeur, ce \u00e0 quoi Khomeini aurait r\u00e9pondu: \u00abVous avez Khamenei\u00bb<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khamenei annon\u00e7a son refus de briguer la succession de Khomeini mais l\u2019Assembl\u00e9e des experts l\u2019\u00e9lut Guide supr\u00eame. On peut donc affirmer que le d\u00e9cideur ultime concernant le successeur de Khomeini \u00e9tait Khomeini lui-m\u00eame, conform\u00e9ment au souhait rapport\u00e9 par Rafsanjani.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ces derni\u00e8res ann\u00e9es, le d\u00e9bat s\u2019est intensifi\u00e9 quant \u00e0 la personne qui succ\u00e9dera au Guide supr\u00eame Khamenei s\u2019il venait \u00e0 dispara\u00eetre, compte tenu de son \u00e2ge avanc\u00e9 de 86 ans (il est n\u00e9 le 17 juillet 1939).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ce besoin est devenu encore plus pressant suite aux menaces directes des \u00c9tats-Unis et d\u2019Isra\u00ebl d\u2019assassiner Khamenei surtout durant la guerre isra\u00e9lo-am\u00e9ricaine contre l\u2019Iran en juin 2025.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sp\u00e9culation sur le nom du nouveau Guide<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Khamenei avait propos\u00e9 plusieurs noms pour lui succ\u00e9der mais ces noms sont rest\u00e9s secrets. Par cons\u00e9quent, l\u2019Assembl\u00e9e des experts devrait avoir la t\u00e2che ais\u00e9e d\u2019\u00e9lire le nouveau Guide supr\u00eame, surtout apr\u00e8s l\u2019assassinat de Khamenei par Isra\u00ebl.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Toute discussion concernant le nom du nouveau dirigeant iranien rel\u00e8ve encore de la sp\u00e9culation. Auparavant, l\u2019ancien pr\u00e9sident Ebrahim Raissi qui avait \u00e0 la fois un profil th\u00e9ocratique et politique \u00e9tait pressenti mais il a trouv\u00e9 la mort dans un accident d\u2019h\u00e9licopt\u00e8re le 19 mai 2024, accident qui aurait \u00e9t\u00e9 caus\u00e9 par une panne technique lors de son retour d\u2019une br\u00e8ve visite en Azerba\u00efdjan (alli\u00e9 d\u2019Isra\u00ebl) mais les circonstances de cette mort demeurent suspectes. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Un autre nom qui circule est celui de Mojtaba, le fils de Khamenei. Proche de son p\u00e8re depuis des ann\u00e9es, il a acc\u00e8s \u00e0 tous les dossiers cl\u00e9s concernant l\u2019Iran et ses alli\u00e9s dans la r\u00e9gion. Il entretient \u00e9galement des relations privil\u00e9gi\u00e9es avec le Corps des gardiens de la r\u00e9volution islamique (CGRI), acteur majeur de la sc\u00e8ne iranienne.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Le nom de l\u2019ancien pr\u00e9sident Hassan Rouhani est \u00e9galement \u00e9voqu\u00e9. Sous sa pr\u00e9sidence, l\u2019accord nucl\u00e9aire de 2015 a \u00e9t\u00e9 conclu sous l\u2019\u00e9gide de Barack Obama, dans le cadre du groupe 5+1 (les cinq membres permanents du Conseil de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 de l\u2019Onu et l\u2019Allemagne).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Le nom d\u2019Ali Larijani, chef du Conseil supr\u00eame de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 nationale, a aussi \u00e9t\u00e9 mentionn\u00e9, mais ses chances sont moindres car ce n\u2019est pas un religieux.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Parmi les autres noms qui circulent figurent Mohsen Ejei, actuel chef du pouvoir judiciaire, l\u2019ayatollah Ali Reza Arafi, membre du Conseil de direction int\u00e9rimaire et l\u2019ayatollah Sadeq Larijani, ancien chef du pouvoir judiciaire (fr\u00e8re d\u2019Ali Larijani).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

D\u2019autres noms, plus surprenants, pourraient \u00e9galement \u00eatre \u00e9voqu\u00e9s, connus seulement de Khamenei et de son entourage. Toutefois, il est clair que les qualit\u00e9s les plus importantes que le nouveau dirigeant devra poss\u00e9der, outre son rang religieux, seront sa d\u00e9termination \u00e0 affronter les \u00c9tats-Unis et Isra\u00ebl apr\u00e8s qu\u2019ils ont lanc\u00e9 leur deuxi\u00e8me guerre contre l\u2019Iran et assassin\u00e9 Khamenei.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Qui va succ\u00e9der \u00e0 l\u2019ayatollah Ali Khamenei et devenir le nouveau Guide supr\u00eame de la R\u00e9publique islamique d\u2019Iran ? <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":18430320,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[992,997,2433],"tags":[23431,127221,127218,115766,75918,127219,127220,497,2478,123641],"class_list":["post-18430310","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-a-la-une","category-politique","category-tunisie","tag-ali-khamenei","tag-ali-larijani","tag-ali-reza-arafi","tag-ebrahim-raissi","tag-etats-unis-2","tag-gholamhossein-mohseni-ejei","tag-hashemi-rafsanjani","tag-iran","tag-israel","tag-massoud-pezeshkian"],"yoast_head":"\nIran | Qui succ\u00e9dera \u00e0 l\u2019ayatollah Ali Khamenei ? - Kapitalis<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Qui va succ\u00e9der \u00e0 l\u2019ayatollah Ali Khamenei et devenir le nouveau Guide supr\u00eame de la R\u00e9publique islamique d\u2019Iran ?\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/kapitalis.com\/tunisie\/2026\/03\/03\/iran-qui-succedera-a-layatollah-ali-khamenei\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Iran | Qui succ\u00e9dera \u00e0 l\u2019ayatollah Ali Khamenei ? 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