{"id":6112786,"date":"2023-01-18T08:32:21","date_gmt":"2023-01-18T07:32:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kapitalis.com\/tunisie\/?p=6112786"},"modified":"2023-01-18T08:32:23","modified_gmt":"2023-01-18T07:32:23","slug":"victor-hugo-setait-il-vraiment-converti-a-lislam","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kapitalis.com\/tunisie\/2023\/01\/18\/victor-hugo-setait-il-vraiment-converti-a-lislam\/","title":{"rendered":"Victor Hugo s\u2019\u00e9tait-il vraiment converti \u00e0 l\u2019islam\u00a0?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Certains chercheurs arabes ont affirm\u00e9 que le c\u00e9l\u00e8bre po\u00e8te fran\u00e7ais du XIXe si\u00e8cle Victor Hugo s\u2019\u00e9tait converti \u00e0 l\u2019islam<\/a> et qu\u2019il se f\u00eet appeler \u00abAbu Baker\u00bb. Qu\u2019en est-il au juste\u00a0?<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Par\u00a0Dr. Moktar Djebli <\/strong>*<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

Victor Hugo (1802-1885) a laiss\u00e9 une \u0153uvre imposante, en prose comme en po\u00e9sie, tels \u2018\u2018Les Mis\u00e9rables<\/em>\u2019\u2019, \u2018\u2018Notre Dame de Paris<\/em>\u2019\u2019, \u2018\u2018La L\u00e9gende des si\u00e8cles\u2019\u2019<\/em>… Ce dernier titre est consid\u00e9r\u00e9 comme l\u2019un de ses \u00e9crits les plus importants. C\u2019est une \u00e9norme \u00e9pop\u00e9e, dans laquelle il a pass\u00e9 en revue l\u2019histoire de l\u2019humanit\u00e9 depuis Adam jusqu\u2019\u00e0 son temps, en passant par les proph\u00e8tes, Mo\u00efse, J\u00e9sus, Mahomet et les dirigeants et empereurs romains, jusqu\u2019aux sultans ottomans. Ce recueil comprend entre autres deux po\u00e8mes c\u00e9l\u00e8bres. L\u2019un \u00e9tait d\u00e9di\u00e9 au proph\u00e8te Mahomet, intitul\u00e9  \u2018\u2018L\u2019An neuf de l\u2019H\u00e9gire<\/em>\u2019\u2019, dans lequel il traitait la biographie du proph\u00e8te de l\u2019islam, en particulier ses derniers moments de vie parmi ses compagnons. Et l\u2019autre a \u00e9t\u00e9 consacr\u00e9 au 2e<\/sup> calife Omar Ibn Al-Khattab, intitul\u00e9 \u2018\u2018Le<\/em> C\u00e8dre<\/em>\u2019\u2019.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ces deux po\u00e8mes, o\u00f9 l\u2019\u00e9crivain a montr\u00e9 une certaine fascination pour ces deux figures fondatrices de l\u2019islam, ont amen\u00e9 certains chercheurs arabes \u00e0 affirmer que Victor Hugo se soit converti \u00e0 l\u2019islam et qu\u2019il se f\u00eet appeler \u00abAbu Baker\u00bb<\/em> ! Or, ce ne fut aucunement le cas. Rien, en tout cas, dans la riche litt\u00e9rature consacr\u00e9e au po\u00e8te fran\u00e7ais, ne le laisse supposer. Hugo n\u2019a jamais embrass\u00e9 l\u2019islam, et ce pour plusieurs raisons.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

D\u2019abord, ce qu\u2019il a relat\u00e9 dans son po\u00e8me sur le proph\u00e8te Mahomet n’\u00e9tait qu\u2019une simple narration historique.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ensuite, et \u00e0 notre connaissance, il n\u2019y a aucune source fran\u00e7aise, ancienne ou moderne, qui confirme ou laisse m\u00eame supposer sa conversion \u00e0 l\u2019islam.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Par ailleurs, au d\u00e9but de son po\u00e8me, Hugo d\u00e9crit Mahomet, en agonie, en ces termes :<\/p>\n\n\n\n

  \u00ab\u00c0 l\u2019\u00e2ge de soixante-trois ans, il avait de la fi\u00e8vre,<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

 Il relut le Koran de sa main m\u00eame \u00e9crit\u00bb<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Il est clair que, suivant ces deux vers, le po\u00e8te consid\u00e8re que le Coran a \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9crit par Mahomet de sa main propre, ce qu\u2019aucun fid\u00e8le musulman sur terre ne s\u2019autoriserait \u00e0 dire.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

En effet, pour les Musulmans, le Saint Coran est la parole de Dieu r\u00e9v\u00e9l\u00e9e, et Mahomet, son messager, analphab\u00e8te, ne sachant ni lire ni \u00e9crire, n\u2019avait pour mission que de le transmettre \u00e0 \u00abtoute l\u2019Humanit\u00e9\u00bb<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ainsi, suivant la tradition musulmane, le Coran, texte sacr\u00e9, a \u00e9t\u00e9 recueilli, au fur et \u00e0 mesure de sa r\u00e9v\u00e9lation, par les compagnons du Proph\u00e8te, qui l\u2019ont regroup\u00e9 et class\u00e9 en chapitres et sourates.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

En outre, Victor Hugo, dans un texte manuscrit, \u00e9crit de ses propres mains trois jours avant sa mort, le 22 mai 1885, d\u00e9clare qu\u2019il croit en Dieu mais rejette les paroles de l\u2019\u00c9glise et d\u00e9teste les clerg\u00e9s et les pr\u00eatres, sans la moindre allusion \u00e0 une quelconque autre croyance.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sur un autre plan, ce qui est surprenant et semble incroyable, surtout venant de l\u2019auteur des \u2018\u2018Mis\u00e9rables\u2019\u2019<\/em>, c\u2019est son attitude vis-\u00e0-vis de l\u2019Afrique. En effet, dans un discours prononc\u00e9 au cours d\u2019une r\u00e9union sur le continent noir, le 18 mai 1879, il manifestait, sans ambigu\u00eft\u00e9 aucune, des sentiments de racisme envers les Noirs, du m\u00e9pris pour l\u2019Afrique et d\u2019une forte sympathie pour la colonisation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Chantre de la colonisation de l’Afrique<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Dans cette allocution, il annon\u00e7ait, par exemple: \u00abL\u2019Asie a son histoire, l\u2019Am\u00e9rique a son histoire et m\u00eame l\u2019Australie, elle-m\u00eame, a son histoire; quant \u00e0 l\u2019Afrique, elle n\u2019a pas d\u2019histoire\u00bb !<\/em> Il ajoutait : \u00abL\u2019Afrique a besoin de ses colons<\/em>\u00bb  et, poursuivait : \u00abAu dix-neuvi\u00e8me si\u00e8cle, le Blanc a fait du Noir un homme; au vingti\u00e8me si\u00e8cle, l\u2019Europe fera de l\u2019Afrique un monde. Refaire une Afrique nouvelle, rendre la vieille Afrique maniable \u00e0 la civilisation, tel est le probl\u00e8me. L\u2019Europe le r\u00e9soudra\u00bb. <\/em>Ou <\/em>encore, dans ce qui ressemble \u00e0 une glorification de la colonisation : \u00abAllez, Peuples <\/em>[europ\u00e9ens, bien entendu]<\/em> ! Emparez-vous de cette terre. Prenez-la\u2026 Prenez cette terre \u00e0 Dieu. Dieu donne la terre aux hommes, Dieu offre l\u2019Afrique \u00e0 l\u2019Europe. Prenez-la<\/em>\u00bb. <\/em>Avant<\/em> <\/em>de conclure : \u00abVersez votre trop-plein dans cette Afrique, et du m\u00eame coup r\u00e9solvez vos questions sociales, changez vos prol\u00e9taires en propri\u00e9taires. Allez, faites ! Faites des routes, faites des ports, faites des villes; croissez, cultivez, colonisez, multipliez\u2026<\/em>\u00bb. <\/em>(Cf<\/em>. ci-dessous, lien 3, site de Radio France Info).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Telle est le c\u00f4t\u00e9 cach\u00e9 de ce grand \u00e9crivain, c\u00e9l\u00e8bre pour son humanisme, pour ses attitudes r\u00e9volutionnaires et pour son amour de la libert\u00e9; choses manifestement r\u00e9serv\u00e9es \u00e0 la seule Europe et ne d\u00e9passent gu\u00e8re ses fronti\u00e8res !<\/p>\n\n\n\n

* Ancien professeur \u00e0 l\u2019universit\u00e9 Paris X-Nanterre.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Peut-on suivre des chercheurs arabes qui affirment que Victor Hugo s’\u00e9tait converti \u00e0 l’islam ? <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":6112833,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[992,994,2433],"tags":[41,26892,106006,500,106005,98625,106004,89645],"class_list":["post-6112786","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-a-la-une","category-culture","category-tunisie","tag-afrique","tag-colonisation","tag-dr-moktar-djebli","tag-islam","tag-la-legende-des-siecles","tag-omar-ibn-al-khattab","tag-prophete-mahomet","tag-victor-hugo"],"yoast_head":"\nVictor Hugo s\u2019\u00e9tait-il vraiment converti \u00e0 l\u2019islam\u00a0? - Kapitalis<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/kapitalis.com\/tunisie\/2023\/01\/18\/victor-hugo-setait-il-vraiment-converti-a-lislam\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Victor Hugo s\u2019\u00e9tait-il vraiment converti \u00e0 l\u2019islam\u00a0? 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