{"id":8650162,"date":"2023-07-03T10:29:36","date_gmt":"2023-07-03T09:29:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kapitalis.com\/tunisie\/?p=8650162"},"modified":"2023-07-03T10:29:38","modified_gmt":"2023-07-03T09:29:38","slug":"a-propos-du-mystere-entourant-la-mort-de-mohamed-ali-el-hammi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kapitalis.com\/tunisie\/2023\/07\/03\/a-propos-du-mystere-entourant-la-mort-de-mohamed-ali-el-hammi\/","title":{"rendered":"A propos du myst\u00e8re entourant la mort de Mohamed Ali El-Hammi"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Pr\u00e8s d\u2019un si\u00e8cle apr\u00e8s, les circonstances exactes de la mort du p\u00e8re du syndicalisme tunisien, Mohamed Ali El-Hammi (1890-1928), restent entour\u00e9es d’un \u00e9pais myst\u00e8re. On parle encore aujourd\u2019hui d\u2019un accident de la route survenu sur la route entre Djeddah et la Mecque, mais cette th\u00e8se est peu convaincante, au regard de la personnalit\u00e9 d\u2019El-Hammi et de son intense activit\u00e9 politique et syndicale non tol\u00e9r\u00e9e \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9poque en Arabie saoudite.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Par Mohamed Larbi Snoussi<\/strong> *<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n

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\"\"<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

Le 18 juin 2023, la centrale syndicale, en la personne de son secr\u00e9taire g\u00e9n\u00e9ral et ses compagnons, a comm\u00e9mor\u00e9, avec retard, le 95e<\/sup> anniversaire du myst\u00e9rieux d\u00e9c\u00e8s du.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e9l\u00e9bration avec retard certes, car ce dernier est d\u00e9c\u00e9d\u00e9 le 10 mai 1928, dans un myst\u00e9rieux accident de voitures entre La Mecque et Djeddah, o\u00f9 il travaillait, depuis son arriv\u00e9e au Hedjaz en novembre 1926, comme louagiste.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nous n\u2019allons pas commenter les motivations, ni les objectifs de cette comm\u00e9moration, qui semble \u00eatre un message feutr\u00e9 et bien pr\u00e9cis adress\u00e9 \u00e0 la pr\u00e9sidence pour lui signifier que la centrale syndicale repr\u00e9sente un pilier incontournable dans toute n\u00e9gociation avec le FM I. ou l\u2019Union europ\u00e9enne.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Proc\u00e8s de Mohamed Ali et ses compagnons<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Nous n\u2019allons pas aussi nous attarder sur les p\u00e9rip\u00e9ties de Mohamed Ali El-Hammi depuis l\u2019invasion italienne de la Libye, son passage par Istanbul, Berlin, puis son retour \u00e0 Tunis, o\u00f9 entre 1924 et 1925, il tenta avec d\u2019autres militants destouriens et communistes de fonder une centrale syndicale autonome, la CGTT, refusant toute inf\u00e9odation \u00e0 la CGT fran\u00e7aise, d\u2019ob\u00e9dience socialiste, qui pr\u00e9conisait un colonialisme social, o\u00f9 les travailleurs tunisiens (indig\u00e8nes) \u00e9taient consid\u00e9r\u00e9s comme des serfs, plut\u00f4t que des ouvriers. D\u2019o\u00f9 le bras de fer avec les autorit\u00e9s coloniales, qui ne tarderont pas en 1925 \u00e0 le juger avec ses compagnons, entre autres Jean-Paul Finodori, Mokhtar El-Ayari (1887-1963) et Ali Karoui (1900-1978) de \u00abcomplot destouro-communiste contre l\u2019Etat\u00bb<\/em>, proc\u00e8s qui s\u2019est termin\u00e9 par son bannissement pour dix ans.<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

Proc\u00e8s de novembre 1925 pour complot contre la S\u00fbret\u00e9 de l\u2019Etat. De gauche vers la droite\u00a0: Jean-Paul Finidori avec sa canne, Mohamed Ali El Hammi et Mokhtar El Ayari. <\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Apr\u00e8s un passage par l\u2019Italie et l\u2019Egypte, Mohamed Ali El-Hammi d\u00e9barqua \u00e0\u00a0Djeddah au Hedjaz en novembre 1926, pour s\u2019y installer d\u00e9finitivement, au moment o\u00f9 la r\u00e9gion connaissait encore des troubles, suite aux affrontements entre les Hach\u00e9mites et les Saoudiens, pour voir les premiers d\u00e9log\u00e9s par les seconds entre 1924 et 1925.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nous n\u2019allons pas nous attarder sur ces p\u00e9rip\u00e9ties, puisque d\u2019autres les ont trait\u00e9es de long en large. Mais nous allons tenter d\u2019\u00e9claircir certains aspects qui restent encore obscures dans la fin tragique de ce leader syndical dans un accident de voiture sur la route entre Djeddah et La Mecque. Accident myst\u00e9rieux dont on ne connait pas les circonstances, par manque d\u2019informations et en raison du silence impos\u00e9 sur cette affaire par les autorit\u00e9s saoudiennes de l\u2019\u00e9poque.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On pourrait cependant penser que Mohamed Ali fut assassin\u00e9 pour des consid\u00e9rations politiques, en raison de ses activit\u00e9s syndicales et peut-\u00eatre aussi de ses positions politiques pro-ottomanes. En effet, il est vraisemblable qu\u2019El-Hammi avait entretenu une activit\u00e9 syndicale aupr\u00e8s des louagistes du Hedjaz qu\u2019il avait essay\u00e9 d\u2019enr\u00f4ler dans son projet, tout comme son ami Ali Karoui, qui d\u00e8s son arriv\u00e9e en 1925 \u00e0 Alexandrie, avait pris part \u00e0 la formation du premier syndicat ouvrier en Egypte.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mohamed Ali El-Hammi avait-il suscit\u00e9 les soup\u00e7ons et l\u2019hostilit\u00e9 du nouveau pouvoir saoudien, qui, de par son id\u00e9ologie religieuse voire fondamentaliste, ne tol\u00e9rerait aucune autre organisation, politique ou syndicale, dans sa sph\u00e8re d\u2019influence ? Ce qui donne du cr\u00e9dit \u00e0 l\u2019hypoth\u00e8se de son assassinat d\u00e9guis\u00e9 en accident de la route, hypoth\u00e8se qui peut  para\u00eetre saugrenue pour certains, et qui est difficile \u00e0 prouver, car nous n\u2019avons aucun document l\u2019attestant, puisque tous les journaux tunisiens, de langue fran\u00e7aise ou arabe, publi\u00e9s en mai 1928, se sont content\u00e9s d\u2019annoncer le d\u00e9c\u00e8s du syndicaliste dans un accident de la route sans donner plus d\u2019explications.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Y aurait-il d\u2019autres moyens pour connaitre les circonstances exactes de cet \u00abaccident\u00bb<\/em> ?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Il serait peut-\u00eatre utile de consulter les archives des diff\u00e9rents consulats, fran\u00e7ais, britannique ou autres, install\u00e9s \u00e0 Djeddah, ou m\u00eame les archives ottomanes de cette \u00e9poque, o\u00f9, par chance, on pourrait trouver des informations sur ce myst\u00e9rieux accident qui nous ont manqu\u00e9 jusque-l\u00e0.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

* Historien et journaliste.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Pr\u00e8s d\u2019un si\u00e8cle apr\u00e8s, les circonstances exactes de la mort du p\u00e8re du syndicalisme tunisien, Mohamed Ali El-Hammi (1890-1928), restent entour\u00e9es d’un \u00e9pais myst\u00e8re.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":8650254,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[992,997,1000,2433],"tags":[93338,2638,10019,10300,109681,96597,109679,109680,24470,62643],"class_list":["post-8650162","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-a-la-une","category-politique","category-tribune","category-tunisie","tag-ali-karoui","tag-arabie-saoudite","tag-cgtt","tag-djeddah","tag-jean-paul-finodori","tag-mohamed-ali-el-hammi","tag-mohamed-larbi-snoussi","tag-mokhtar-el-ayari","tag-syndicalisme-tunisien","tag-tunisie"],"yoast_head":"\nA propos du myst\u00e8re entourant la mort de Mohamed Ali El-Hammi - Kapitalis<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/kapitalis.com\/tunisie\/2023\/07\/03\/a-propos-du-mystere-entourant-la-mort-de-mohamed-ali-el-hammi\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"A propos du myst\u00e8re entourant la mort de Mohamed Ali El-Hammi - 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